A reinforcement learning approach to explore the role of social expectations in altruistic behavior

R. Castañón, F.A. Campos, J. Villar, A. Sánchez Sánchez

Scientific Reports Vol. 13, pp. 1717-1 - 1717-14

Summary:

While altruism has been studied from a variety of standpoints, none of them has proven sufficient to explain the richness of nuances detected in experimentally observed altruistic behavior. On the other hand, the recent success of behavioral economics in linking expectation formation to key behaviors in complex societies hints to social expectations having a key role in the emergence of altruism. This paper proposes an agent-based model based upon the Bush–Mosteller reinforcement learning algorithm in which agents, subject to stimuli derived from empirical and normative expectations, update their aspirations (and, consequently, their future cooperative behavior) after playing successive rounds of the Dictator Game. The results of the model are compared with experimental results. Such comparison suggests that a stimuli model based on empirical and normative expectations, such as the one presented in this work, has considerable potential for capturing the cognitive-behavioral processes that shape decision-making in contexts where cooperative behavior is relevant.

Spanish layman's summary:

Se propone un modelo basado en agentes y un algoritmo de aprendizaje por refuerzo que considera sus aspiraciones en rondas sucesivas del Juego del Dictador. Los resultados sugieren que el modelo tiene potencial para capturar procesos cognitivo-conductuales en problemas de comportamiento cooperativo.

English layman's summary:

This paper proposes an agent-based model and a reinforcement learning algorithm considering agents’ aspirations when playing successive rounds of the Dictator Game. The results suggest the model has potential for capturing cognitive-behavioral processes in cooperative behavior problems.

Keywords: Altruism, Behavioral Economics, Physics of Complex Systems, Reinforcement Learning, Agent-Based Models, Dictator's Game

JCR Impact Factor and WoS quartile: 3,800 - Q1 (2023)

DOI reference: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-28659-0

Published on paper: December 2023.

Published on-line: January 2023.

Citation:
R. Castañón, F.A. Campos, J. Villar, A. Sánchez Sánchez, A reinforcement learning approach to explore the role of social expectations in altruistic behavior. Scientific Reports. Vol. 13, pp. 1717-1 - 1717-14, December 2023. [Online: January 2023]